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SPF (Sender Policy Framework), DKIM (DomainKeys Identified Mail), and DMARC (Domain-based Message Authentication, Reporting, and Conformance) are three email authentication methods that work together to improve email security and prevent email spoofing, phishing, and spam.
SPF (Sender Policy Framework)
SPF allows domain owners to specify which mail servers are authorized to send emails on behalf of their domain. It uses DNS records to list the IP addresses of these authorized servers1. When an email is received, the receiving server checks the SPF record to verify if the email comes from an authorized server.
DKIM (DomainKeys Identified Mail)
DKIM adds a digital signature to emails, which is used to verify the authenticity of the email sender. The signature is created using a private key, and the corresponding public key is published in the DNS record1. The receiving server uses the public key to verify the signature and ensure the email has not been tampered with.
DMARC (Domain-based Message Authentication, Reporting, and Conformance)
DMARC builds on SPF and DKIM by providing instructions to receiving mail servers on how to handle emails that fail SPF or DKIM checks. It also provides a reporting mechanism for domain owners to receive feedback on emails that fail authentication1. DMARC helps to prevent unauthorized use of your domain and improves email deliverability.
By implementing SPF, DKIM, and DMARC together, you can significantly enhance the security of your email communications and protect your domain from being used for malicious purposes.